{"info":"OnThisDay API","date":"January_1","updated":"1770954606","data":{"Events":[ {"text":"153 BC – For the first time, Roman consuls begin their year in office on January 1.[1]","html":"153 BC – For the first time, Roman consuls begin their year in office on January 1.[1]","links":{"0":{"0":"153 BC","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/153_BC","2":"153 BC"},"1":{"0":"Roman consuls","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_consul","2":"Roman consuls"}}},{"text":"45 BC – The Julian calendar takes effect as the civil calendar of the Roman Republic, establishing January 1 as the new date of the new year.[2]","html":"45 BC – The Julian calendar takes effect as the civil calendar of the Roman Republic, establishing January 1 as the new date of the new year.[2]","links":{"0":{"0":"45 BC","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/45_BC","2":"45 BC"},"1":{"0":"Julian calendar","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Julian_calendar","2":"Julian calendar"}}},{"text":"42 BC – The Roman Senate posthumously deifies Julius Caesar.[3]","html":"42 BC – The Roman Senate posthumously deifies Julius Caesar.[3]","links":{"0":{"0":"42 BC","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/42_BC","2":"42 BC"},"1":{"0":"Roman Senate","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_Senate","2":"Roman Senate"},"2":{"0":"deifies","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Apotheosis","2":"deifies"},"3":{"0":"Julius Caesar","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Caesar","2":"Julius Caesar"}}},{"text":"193 – The Senate chooses Pertinax against his will to succeed Commodus as Roman emperor.[4]","html":"193 – The Senate chooses Pertinax against his will to succeed Commodus as Roman emperor.[4]","links":{"0":{"0":"193","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/193","2":"193"},"1":{"0":"Pertinax","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Pertinax","2":"Pertinax"},"2":{"0":"Commodus","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Commodus","2":"Commodus"},"3":{"0":"Roman emperor","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_emperor","2":"Roman emperor"}}},{"text":"404 – Saint Telemachus tries to stop a gladiatorial fight in a Roman amphitheatre, and is stoned to death by the crowd. This act impresses the Christian Emperor Honorius, who issues a historic ban on gladiatorial fights.[5]","html":"404 – Saint Telemachus tries to stop a gladiatorial fight in a Roman amphitheatre, and is stoned to death by the crowd. This act impresses the Christian Emperor Honorius, who issues a historic ban on gladiatorial fights.[5]","links":{"0":{"0":"404","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/AD_404","2":"404"},"1":{"0":"Saint Telemachus","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint_Telemachus","2":"Saint Telemachus"},"2":{"0":"gladiatorial","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Gladiator","2":"gladiatorial"},"3":{"0":"amphitheatre","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphitheatre","2":"amphitheatre"},"4":{"0":"stoned to death","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoning","2":"stoned to death"},"5":{"0":"Honorius","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Honorius_(emperor)","2":"Honorius"}}},{"text":"417 – Emperor Honorius forces Galla Placidia into marriage to Constantius, his famous general (magister militum) (probable).[6]","html":"417 – Emperor Honorius forces Galla Placidia into marriage to Constantius, his famous general (magister militum) (probable).[6]","links":{"0":{"0":"417","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/417","2":"417"},"1":{"0":"Emperor Honorius","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Honorius","2":"Emperor Honorius"},"2":{"0":"Galla Placidia","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Galla_Placidia","2":"Galla Placidia"},"3":{"0":"Constantius","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantius_III","2":"Constantius"},"4":{"0":"magister militum","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Magister_militum","2":"magister militum"}}},{"text":"947 – Emperor Taizong of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty captures Daliang, ending the dynasty and empire of the Later Jin.[7]","html":"947 – Emperor Taizong of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty captures Daliang, ending the dynasty and empire of the Later Jin.[7]","links":{"0":{"0":"947","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/947","2":"947"},"1":{"0":"Taizong","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Taizong_of_Liao","2":"Taizong"},"2":{"0":"Khitan","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Khitan_people","2":"Khitan"},"3":{"0":"Liao 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Emperor.[9]","html":"1068 – Romanos IV Diogenes marries Eudokia Makrembolitissa and is crowned Byzantine Emperor.[9]","links":{"0":{"0":"1068","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1068","2":"1068"},"1":{"0":"Romanos IV Diogenes","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Romanos_IV_Diogenes","2":"Romanos IV Diogenes"},"2":{"0":"Eudokia Makrembolitissa","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Eudokia_Makrembolitissa","2":"Eudokia Makrembolitissa"},"3":{"0":"Byzantine Emperor","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_Emperor","2":"Byzantine Emperor"}}},{"text":"1259 – Michael VIII Palaiologos is proclaimed co-emperor of the Empire of Nicaea with his ward John IV Laskaris.[10]","html":"1259 – Michael VIII Palaiologos is proclaimed co-emperor of the Empire of Nicaea with his ward John IV Laskaris.[10]","links":{"0":{"0":"1259","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1259","2":"1259"},"1":{"0":"Michael VIII Palaiologos","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_VIII_Palaiologos","2":"Michael VIII 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Croatian nobles elect Ferdinand I, Archduke of Austria as King of Croatia in the 1527 election in Cetin.[14]","links":{"0":{"0":"1527","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1527","2":"1527"},"1":{"0":"Ferdinand I, Archduke of Austria","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_I,_Archduke_of_Austria","2":"Ferdinand I, Archduke of Austria"},"2":{"0":"King of Croatia","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/King_of_Croatia","2":"King of Croatia"},"3":{"0":"1527 election in Cetin","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1527_election_in_Cetin","2":"1527 election in Cetin"}}},{"text":"1600 – Scotland recognises January 1 as the start of the year, instead of March 25.[15]","html":"1600 – Scotland recognises January 1 as the start of the year, instead of March 25.[15]","links":{"0":{"0":"1600","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1600","2":"1600"},"1":{"0":"Scotland","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Scotland","2":"Scotland"}}},{"text":"1604 – The Masque of Indian and China Knights is performed by courtiers of James VI and I at Hampton Court.[16]","html":"1604 – The Masque of Indian and China Knights is performed by courtiers of James VI and I at Hampton Court.[16]","links":{"0":{"0":"1604","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1604","2":"1604"},"1":{"0":"The Masque of Indian and China Knights","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Masque_of_Indian_and_China_Knights","2":"The Masque of Indian and China Knights"},"2":{"0":"James VI and I","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/James_VI_and_I","2":"James VI and I"},"3":{"0":"Hampton Court","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Hampton_Court","2":"Hampton Court"}}},{"text":"1651 – Charles II is crowned King of Scotland at Scone Palace.[17]","html":"1651 – Charles II is crowned King of Scotland at Scone Palace.[17]","links":{"0":{"0":"1651","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1651","2":"1651"},"1":{"0":"Charles II","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_II_of_England","2":"Charles 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proclaimed King of Portugal and the Algarves in Lisbon.[19]","links":{"0":{"0":"1707","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1707","2":"1707"},"1":{"0":"John V","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/John_V_of_Portugal","2":"John V"},"2":{"0":"Algarves","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Algarves","2":"Algarves"}}},{"text":"1725 – J. S. Bach leads the first performance of his chorale cantata Jesu, nun sei gepreiset, BWV 41, which features the trumpet fanfares from the beginning also in the end.[20]","html":"1725 – J. S. Bach leads the first performance of his chorale cantata Jesu, nun sei gepreiset, BWV 41, which features the trumpet fanfares from the beginning also in the end.[20]","links":{"0":{"0":"1725","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1725","2":"1725"},"1":{"0":"J. S. Bach","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Sebastian_Bach","2":"J. S. Bach"},"2":{"0":"chorale cantata","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Chorale_cantata_cycle","2":"chorale cantata"}}},{"text":"1726 – J. S. Bach leads the first performance of Herr Gott, dich loben wir, BWV 16, his church cantata for New Year's Day to a libretto by Georg Christian Lehms.[21]","html":"1726 – J. S. Bach leads the first performance of Herr Gott, dich loben wir, BWV 16, his church cantata for New Year's Day to a libretto by Georg Christian Lehms.[21]","links":{"0":{"0":"1726","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1726","2":"1726"},"1":{"0":"J. S. Bach","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Sebastian_Bach","2":"J. S. 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and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland is proclaimed.[30]","links":{"0":{"0":"1801","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1801","2":"1801"},"1":{"0":"Kingdom of Great Britain","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain","2":"Kingdom of Great Britain"},"2":{"0":"Kingdom of Ireland","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Ireland","2":"Kingdom of Ireland"},"3":{"0":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdom_of_Great_Britain_and_Ireland","2":"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland"}}},{"text":"1801 – Ceres, the largest and first known object in the Asteroid belt, is discovered by Giuseppe Piazzi.[31]","html":"1801 – Ceres, the largest and first known object in the Asteroid belt, is discovered by Giuseppe Piazzi.[31]","links":{"0":{"0":"Ceres","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Ceres_(dwarf_planet)","2":"Ceres"},"1":{"0":"Asteroid belt","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteroid_belt","2":"Asteroid 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Haiti becomes the first black-majority republic and second independent country in North America after the United States.[32]","html":"1804 – French rule ends in Haiti. Haiti becomes the first black-majority republic and second independent country in North America after the United States.[32]","links":{"0":{"0":"1804","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1804","2":"1804"},"1":{"0":"French rule","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Domingue","2":"French rule"},"2":{"0":"Haiti","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Haiti","2":"Haiti"},"3":{"0":"North America","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/North_America","2":"North America"},"4":{"0":"United States","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States","2":"United States"}}},{"text":"1806 – The French Republican Calendar is abolished.[33]","html":"1806 – The French Republican Calendar is abolished.[33]","links":{"0":{"0":"1806","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1806","2":"1806"},"1":{"0":"French Republican Calendar","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/French_Republican_Calendar","2":"French Republican Calendar"}}},{"text":"1808 – The United States bans the importation of slaves.[34]","html":"1808 – The United States bans the importation of slaves.[34]","links":{"0":{"0":"1808","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1808","2":"1808"},"1":{"0":"bans the importation of slaves","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Act_Prohibiting_Importation_of_Slaves","2":"bans the importation of slaves"}}},{"text":"1810 – Major-General Lachlan Macquarie officially becomes Governor of New South Wales.[35]","html":"1810 – Major-General Lachlan Macquarie officially becomes Governor of New South Wales.[35]","links":{"0":{"0":"1810","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1810","2":"1810"},"1":{"0":"Lachlan Macquarie","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Lachlan_Macquarie","2":"Lachlan Macquarie"},"2":{"0":"Governor of New South Wales","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_New_South_Wales","2":"Governor of New South Wales"}}},{"text":"1818 – Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley (anonymously) publishes the pioneering work of science fiction, Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus, in London.[36]","html":"1818 – Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley (anonymously) publishes the pioneering work of science fiction, Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus, in London.[36]","links":{"0":{"0":"1818","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1818","2":"1818"},"1":{"0":"Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Shelley","2":"Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley"},"2":{"0":"Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Frankenstein","2":"Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus"}}},{"text":"1822 – The Greek Constitution of 1822 is adopted by the First National Assembly at Epidaurus.[37]","html":"1822 – The Greek Constitution of 1822 is adopted by the First National Assembly at Epidaurus.[37]","links":{"0":{"0":"1822","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1822","2":"1822"},"1":{"0":"Greek Constitution of 1822","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Greek_Constitution_of_1822","2":"Greek Constitution of 1822"},"2":{"0":"First National Assembly at Epidaurus","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/First_National_Assembly_at_Epidaurus","2":"First National Assembly at Epidaurus"}}},{"text":"1834 – Most of Germany forms the Zollverein customs union, the first such union between sovereign states.[38]","html":"1834 – Most of Germany forms the Zollverein customs union, the first such union between sovereign states.[38]","links":{"0":{"0":"1834","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1834","2":"1834"},"1":{"0":"Zollverein","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Zollverein","2":"Zollverein"}}},{"text":"1845 – The Philippines moves its national calendar to align with other Asian countries' calendars by skipping Tuesday, December 31, 1844. The change has been ordered by Governor–General Narciso Claveria to reform the country's calendar so that it aligns with the rest of Asia. Its territory has been one day behind the rest of Asia for 323 years since the arrival of Ferdinand Magellan in the Philippines on March 16, 1521.[39]","html":"1845 – The Philippines moves its national calendar to align with other Asian countries' calendars by skipping Tuesday, December 31, 1844. The change has been ordered by Governor–General Narciso Claveria to reform the country's calendar so that it aligns with the rest of Asia. Its territory has been one day behind the rest of Asia for 323 years since the arrival of Ferdinand Magellan in the Philippines on March 16, 1521.[39]","links":{"0":{"0":"1845","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1845","2":"1845"},"1":{"0":"Narciso Claveria","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Narciso_Claver%C3%ADa_y_Zald%C3%BAa","2":"Narciso Claveria"},"2":{"0":"Ferdinand Magellan","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_Magellan","2":"Ferdinand Magellan"}}},{"text":"1847 – The world's first \"Mercy\" Hospital is founded in Pittsburgh, United States, by a group of Sisters of Mercy from Ireland;[40] the name will go on to grace over 30 major hospitals throughout the world.","html":"1847 – The world's first \"Mercy\" Hospital is founded in Pittsburgh, United States, by a group of Sisters of Mercy from Ireland;[40] the name will go on to grace over 30 major hospitals throughout the world.","links":{"0":{"0":"1847","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1847","2":"1847"},"1":{"0":"\"Mercy\" 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Zapatista Army of National Liberation initiates twelve days of armed conflict in the Mexican state of Chiapas.[97]","links":{"0":{"0":"1994","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1994","2":"1994"},"1":{"0":"Zapatista Army of National Liberation","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Zapatista_Army_of_National_Liberation","2":"Zapatista Army of National Liberation"},"2":{"0":"Chiapas","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Chiapas","2":"Chiapas"}}},{"text":"1994 – The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) comes into effect.[98]","html":"1994 – The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) comes into effect.[98]","links":{"0":{"0":"North American Free Trade Agreement","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/North_American_Free_Trade_Agreement","2":"North American Free Trade Agreement"}}},{"text":"1995 – The World Trade Organization comes into being.[99]","html":"1995 – The World Trade Organization comes into 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exist.[119]","links":{"0":{"0":"Artsakh","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Republic_of_Artsakh","2":"Artsakh"}}},{"text":"2025 – Fourteen people are killed and 57 others injured during a vehicle-ramming and shooting attack in New Orleans, Louisiana.[120]","html":"2025 – Fourteen people are killed and 57 others injured during a vehicle-ramming and shooting attack in New Orleans, Louisiana.[120]","links":{"0":{"0":"2025","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2025","2":"2025"},"1":{"0":"vehicle-ramming and shooting attack","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2025_New_Orleans_truck_attack","2":"vehicle-ramming and shooting attack"},"2":{"0":"New Orleans","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Orleans","2":"New Orleans"},"3":{"0":"Louisiana","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Louisiana","2":"Louisiana"}}},{"text":"2026 – Bulgaria officaly adopts the Euro, becoming the 21st Eurozone country.[121]","html":"2026 – Bulgaria officaly adopts the Euro, becoming the 21st Eurozone country.[121]","links":{"0":{"0":"2026","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2026","2":"2026"},"1":{"0":"Bulgaria","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulgaria","2":"Bulgaria"}}},{"text":"2026 – A fire at a bar during New Year's Eve celebrations in Crans-Montana, Switzerland, kills 41 people and injures 116 others.[122]","html":"2026 – A fire at a bar during New Year's Eve celebrations in Crans-Montana, Switzerland, kills 41 people and injures 116 others.[122]","links":{"0":{"0":"fire at a bar","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2026_Crans-Montana_bar_fire","2":"fire at a bar"},"1":{"0":"Crans-Montana","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Crans-Montana","2":"Crans-Montana"}}} ],"Births":[ {"text":"766 – Ali al-Ridha, 8th Imam of Twelver Shia Islam (died 818)[123]","html":"766 – Ali al-Ridha, 8th Imam of Twelver Shia Islam (died 818)[123]","links":{"0":{"0":"766","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/766","2":"766"},"1":{"0":"Ali al-Ridha","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_al-Ridha","2":"Ali 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1548)[126]","links":{"0":{"0":"1467","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1467","2":"1467"},"1":{"0":"Sigismund I the Old","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigismund_I_the_Old","2":"Sigismund I the Old"}}},{"text":"1484 – Huldrych Zwingli, Swiss pastor and theologian (died 1531)[127]","html":"1484 – Huldrych Zwingli, Swiss pastor and theologian (died 1531)[127]","links":{"0":{"0":"1484","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1484","2":"1484"},"1":{"0":"Huldrych Zwingli","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Huldrych_Zwingli","2":"Huldrych Zwingli"}}},{"text":"1511 – Henry, Duke of Cornwall, first-born child of Henry VIII of England and Catherine of Aragon (died 1511)[128][129]","html":"1511 – Henry, Duke of Cornwall, first-born child of Henry VIII of England and Catherine of Aragon (died 1511)[128][129]","links":{"0":{"0":"1511","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1511","2":"1511"},"1":{"0":"Henry, Duke of Cornwall","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry,_Duke_of_Cornwall","2":"Henry, Duke of 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1692)[132]","html":"1628 – Christoph Bernhard, German composer and theorist (died 1692)[132]","links":{"0":{"0":"1628","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1628","2":"1628"},"1":{"0":"Christoph Bernhard","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Christoph_Bernhard","2":"Christoph Bernhard"}}},{"text":"1655 – Christian Thomasius, German jurist and philosopher (died 1728)[133]","html":"1655 – Christian Thomasius, German jurist and philosopher (died 1728)[133]","links":{"0":{"0":"1655","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1655","2":"1655"},"1":{"0":"Christian Thomasius","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_Thomasius","2":"Christian Thomasius"}}},{"text":"1684 – Arnold Drakenborch, Dutch scholar and author (died 1748)[130]","html":"1684 – Arnold Drakenborch, Dutch scholar and author (died 1748)[130]","links":{"0":{"0":"1684","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1684","2":"1684"},"1":{"0":"Arnold Drakenborch","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnold_Drakenborch","2":"Arnold Drakenborch"}}},{"text":"1704 – Soame Jenyns, English author, poet, and politician (died 1787)[134]","html":"1704 – Soame Jenyns, English author, poet, and politician (died 1787)[134]","links":{"0":{"0":"1704","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1704","2":"1704"},"1":{"0":"Soame Jenyns","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Soame_Jenyns","2":"Soame Jenyns"}}},{"text":"1711 – Baron Franz von der Trenck, Austrian soldier (died 1749)[135]","html":"1711 – Baron Franz von der Trenck, Austrian soldier (died 1749)[135]","links":{"0":{"0":"1711","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1711","2":"1711"},"1":{"0":"Baron Franz von der Trenck","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Baron_Franz_von_der_Trenck","2":"Baron Franz von der Trenck"}}},{"text":"1714 – Giovanni Battista Mancini, Italian soprano and author (died 1800)[136]","html":"1714 – Giovanni Battista Mancini, Italian soprano and author (died 1800)[136]","links":{"0":{"0":"1714","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1714","2":"1714"},"1":{"0":"Giovanni Battista 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1821)[142]","links":{"0":{"0":"1769","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1769","2":"1769"},"1":{"0":"Marie-Louise Lachapelle","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie-Louise_Lachapelle","2":"Marie-Louise Lachapelle"},"2":{"0":"obstetrician","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Obstetrician","2":"obstetrician"}}},{"text":"1774 – André Marie Constant Duméril, French zoologist and academic (died 1860)[143]","html":"1774 – André Marie Constant Duméril, French zoologist and academic (died 1860)[143]","links":{"0":{"0":"1774","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1774","2":"1774"},"1":{"0":"Andr\u00e9 Marie Constant Dum\u00e9ril","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Marie_Constant_Dum%C3%A9ril","2":"Andr\u00e9 Marie Constant Dum\u00e9ril"}}},{"text":"1779 – William Clowes, English publisher (died 1847)[144]","html":"1779 – William Clowes, English publisher (died 1847)[144]","links":{"0":{"0":"1779","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1779","2":"1779"},"1":{"0":"William 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1880)[147]","html":"1809 – Achille Guenée, French lawyer and entomologist (died 1880)[147]","links":{"0":{"0":"1809","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1809","2":"1809"},"1":{"0":"Achille Guen\u00e9e","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Achille_Guen%C3%A9e","2":"Achille Guen\u00e9e"}}},{"text":"1813 – George Bliss, American politician (died 1868)[148]","html":"1813 – George Bliss, American politician (died 1868)[148]","links":{"0":{"0":"1813","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1813","2":"1813"},"1":{"0":"George Bliss","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Bliss_(Congressman)","2":"George Bliss"}}},{"text":"1814 – Hong Xiuquan, Chinese rebellion leader and king (died 1864)[149]","html":"1814 – Hong Xiuquan, Chinese rebellion leader and king (died 1864)[149]","links":{"0":{"0":"1814","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1814","2":"1814"},"1":{"0":"Hong Xiuquan","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Hong_Xiuquan","2":"Hong Xiuquan"}}},{"text":"1818 – William Gamble, Irish-born American general (died 1866)[150]","html":"1818 – William Gamble, Irish-born American general (died 1866)[150]","links":{"0":{"0":"1818","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1818","2":"1818"},"1":{"0":"William Gamble","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Gamble_(general)","2":"William Gamble"}}},{"text":"1819 – Arthur Hugh Clough, English-Italian poet and academic (died 1861)[151]","html":"1819 – Arthur Hugh Clough, English-Italian poet and academic (died 1861)[151]","links":{"0":{"0":"1819","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1819","2":"1819"},"1":{"0":"Arthur Hugh Clough","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Hugh_Clough","2":"Arthur Hugh Clough"}}},{"text":"1819 – George Foster Shepley, American general (died 1878)[152]","html":"1819 – George Foster Shepley, American general (died 1878)[152]","links":{"0":{"0":"George Foster Shepley","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Foster_Shepley_(judge)","2":"George Foster Shepley"}}},{"text":"1823 – Sándor Petőfi, Hungarian poet and activist (died 1849)[153]","html":"1823 – Sándor Petőfi, Hungarian poet and activist (died 1849)[153]","links":{"0":{"0":"1823","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1823","2":"1823"},"1":{"0":"S\u00e1ndor Pet\u0151fi","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A1ndor_Pet%C5%91fi","2":"S\u00e1ndor Pet\u0151fi"}}},{"text":"1833 – Robert Lawson, Scottish-New Zealand architect, designed the Otago Boys' High School and Knox Church (died 1902)[154]","html":"1833 – Robert Lawson, Scottish-New Zealand architect, designed the Otago Boys' High School and Knox Church (died 1902)[154]","links":{"0":{"0":"1833","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1833","2":"1833"},"1":{"0":"Robert Lawson","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Lawson_(architect)","2":"Robert Lawson"},"2":{"0":"Otago Boys' High School","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Otago_Boys%27_High_School","2":"Otago Boys' High School"},"3":{"0":"Knox Church","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Knox_Church,_Dunedin","2":"Knox Church"}}},{"text":"1834 – Ludovic Halévy, French author and playwright (died 1908)[155]","html":"1834 – Ludovic Halévy, French author and playwright (died 1908)[155]","links":{"0":{"0":"1834","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1834","2":"1834"},"1":{"0":"Ludovic Hal\u00e9vy","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludovic_Hal%C3%A9vy","2":"Ludovic Hal\u00e9vy"}}},{"text":"1839 – Ouida, English-Italian author and activist (died 1908)[156]","html":"1839 – Ouida, English-Italian author and activist (died 1908)[156]","links":{"0":{"0":"1839","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1839","2":"1839"},"1":{"0":"Ouida","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Ouida","2":"Ouida"}}},{"text":"1848 – John W. Goff, Irish-American lawyer and politician (died 1924)[157]","html":"1848 – John W. Goff, Irish-American lawyer and politician (died 1924)[157]","links":{"0":{"0":"1848","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1848","2":"1848"},"1":{"0":"John W. Goff","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/John_W._Goff","2":"John W. 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1940)[160]","links":{"0":{"0":"Thomas Waddell","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Waddell","2":"Thomas Waddell"},"1":{"0":"Premier of New South Wales","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Premier_of_New_South_Wales","2":"Premier of New South Wales"}}},{"text":"1857 – Tim Keefe, American baseball player (died 1933)[161]","html":"1857 – Tim Keefe, American baseball player (died 1933)[161]","links":{"0":{"0":"1857","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1857","2":"1857"},"1":{"0":"Tim Keefe","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Keefe","2":"Tim Keefe"}}},{"text":"1858 – Heinrich Rauchinger, Kraków-born painter (died 1942)[162]","html":"1858 – Heinrich Rauchinger, Kraków-born painter (died 1942)[162]","links":{"0":{"0":"1858","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1858","2":"1858"},"1":{"0":"Heinrich Rauchinger","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinrich_Rauchinger","2":"Heinrich Rauchinger"}}},{"text":"1859 – Michael Joseph Owens, American inventor (died 1923)[163]","html":"1859 – Michael Joseph Owens, American inventor (died 1923)[163]","links":{"0":{"0":"1859","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1859","2":"1859"},"1":{"0":"Michael Joseph Owens","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Joseph_Owens","2":"Michael Joseph Owens"}}},{"text":"1859 – Thibaw Min, Burmese king (died 1916)[164]","html":"1859 – Thibaw Min, Burmese king (died 1916)[164]","links":{"0":{"0":"Thibaw Min","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Thibaw_Min","2":"Thibaw Min"}}},{"text":"1860 – Michele Lega, Italian cardinal (died 1935)[165]","html":"1860 – Michele Lega, Italian cardinal (died 1935)[165]","links":{"0":{"0":"1860","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1860","2":"1860"},"1":{"0":"Michele Lega","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Michele_Lega","2":"Michele Lega"}}},{"text":"1863 – Pierre de Coubertin, French historian and educator, founded the International Olympic Committee (died 1937)[166]","html":"1863 – Pierre de Coubertin, French historian and educator, founded the International Olympic Committee (died 1937)[166]","links":{"0":{"0":"1863","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1863","2":"1863"},"1":{"0":"Pierre de Coubertin","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_de_Coubertin","2":"Pierre de Coubertin"},"2":{"0":"International Olympic Committee","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Olympic_Committee","2":"International Olympic Committee"}}},{"text":"1864 – Alfred Stieglitz, American photographer and curator (died 1946)[167]","html":"1864 – Alfred Stieglitz, American photographer and curator (died 1946)[167]","links":{"0":{"0":"1864","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1864","2":"1864"},"1":{"0":"Alfred Stieglitz","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Stieglitz","2":"Alfred Stieglitz"}}},{"text":"1864 – Qi Baishi, Chinese painter (died 1957)[168]","html":"1864 – Qi Baishi, Chinese painter (died 1957)[168]","links":{"0":{"0":"Qi Baishi","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Qi_Baishi","2":"Qi Baishi"}}},{"text":"1865 – Harry Coulby, American businessman (died 1929)[169]","html":"1865 – Harry Coulby, American businessman (died 1929)[169]","links":{"0":{"0":"1865","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1865","2":"1865"},"1":{"0":"Harry Coulby","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Coulby","2":"Harry Coulby"}}},{"text":"1867 – Mary Acworth Evershed, English astronomer and scholar (died 1949)[170]","html":"1867 – Mary Acworth Evershed, English astronomer and scholar (died 1949)[170]","links":{"0":{"0":"1867","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1867","2":"1867"},"1":{"0":"Mary Acworth Evershed","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Acworth_Evershed","2":"Mary Acworth Evershed"}}},{"text":"1874 – Frank Knox, American publisher and politician, 46th United States Secretary of the Navy (died 1944)[171]","html":"1874 – Frank Knox, American publisher and politician, 46th United States Secretary of the Navy (died 1944)[171]","links":{"0":{"0":"1874","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1874","2":"1874"},"1":{"0":"Frank Knox","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Knox","2":"Frank 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– Agner Krarup Erlang, Danish mathematician, statistician, and engineer (died 1929)[174]","links":{"0":{"0":"1878","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1878","2":"1878"},"1":{"0":"Agner Krarup Erlang","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Agner_Krarup_Erlang","2":"Agner Krarup Erlang"}}},{"text":"1879 – E. M. Forster, English author and playwright (died 1970)[175]","html":"1879 – E. M. Forster, English author and playwright (died 1970)[175]","links":{"0":{"0":"1879","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1879","2":"1879"},"1":{"0":"E. M. Forster","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/E._M._Forster","2":"E. M. Forster"}}},{"text":"1879 – William Fox, Hungarian-American screenwriter and producer, founded the Fox Film Corporation and Fox Theatres (died 1952)[176]","html":"1879 – William Fox, Hungarian-American screenwriter and producer, founded the Fox Film Corporation and Fox Theatres (died 1952)[176]","links":{"0":{"0":"William Fox","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Fox_(producer)","2":"William Fox"},"1":{"0":"Fox Film Corporation","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Fox_Film_Corporation","2":"Fox Film Corporation"},"2":{"0":"Fox Theatres","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Fox_Theatres","2":"Fox Theatres"}}},{"text":"1883 – William J. Donovan, American general, lawyer, and politician (died 1959)[177]","html":"1883 – William J. Donovan, American general, lawyer, and politician (died 1959)[177]","links":{"0":{"0":"1883","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1883","2":"1883"},"1":{"0":"William J. Donovan","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/William_J._Donovan","2":"William J. 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1945)[180]","links":{"0":{"0":"1887","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1887","2":"1887"},"1":{"0":"Wilhelm Canaris","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_Canaris","2":"Wilhelm Canaris"}}},{"text":"1888 – Chesley Bonestell, American painter, designer, and illustrator (died 1986)[181]","html":"1888 – Chesley Bonestell, American painter, designer, and illustrator (died 1986)[181]","links":{"0":{"0":"1888","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1888","2":"1888"},"1":{"0":"Chesley Bonestell","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Chesley_Bonestell","2":"Chesley Bonestell"}}},{"text":"1888 – John Garand, Canadian-American engineer, designed the M1 Garand rifle (died 1974)[182]","html":"1888 – John Garand, Canadian-American engineer, designed the M1 Garand rifle (died 1974)[182]","links":{"0":{"0":"John Garand","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Garand","2":"John Garand"},"1":{"0":"M1 Garand rifle","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/M1_Garand","2":"M1 Garand rifle"}}},{"text":"1888 – Georgios Stanotas, Greek general (died 1965)[183]","html":"1888 – Georgios Stanotas, Greek general (died 1965)[183]","links":{"0":{"0":"Georgios Stanotas","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgios_Stanotas","2":"Georgios Stanotas"}}},{"text":"1889 – Charles Bickford, American actor (died 1967)[184]","html":"1889 – Charles Bickford, American actor (died 1967)[184]","links":{"0":{"0":"1889","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1889","2":"1889"},"1":{"0":"Charles Bickford","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Bickford","2":"Charles Bickford"}}},{"text":"1889 – Seabury Quinn, American author (died 1969)[185]","html":"1889 – Seabury Quinn, American author (died 1969)[185]","links":{"0":{"0":"Seabury Quinn","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Seabury_Quinn","2":"Seabury Quinn"}}},{"text":"1890 – Anton Melik, Slovenian geographer and academic (died 1966)[186]","html":"1890 – Anton Melik, Slovenian geographer and academic (died 1966)[186]","links":{"0":{"0":"1890","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1890","2":"1890"},"1":{"0":"Anton Melik","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton_Melik","2":"Anton Melik"}}},{"text":"1891 – Sampurnanand, Indian educator and politician, 3rd Governor of Rajasthan (died 1969)[187]","html":"1891 – Sampurnanand, Indian educator and politician, 3rd Governor of Rajasthan (died 1969)[187]","links":{"0":{"0":"1891","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1891","2":"1891"},"1":{"0":"Sampurnanand","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampurnanand","2":"Sampurnanand"},"2":{"0":"Governor of Rajasthan","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Governors_of_Rajasthan","2":"Governor of Rajasthan"}}},{"text":"1892 – Mahadev Desai, Indian author and activist (died 1942)[188]","html":"1892 – Mahadev Desai, Indian author and activist (died 1942)[188]","links":{"0":{"0":"1892","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1892","2":"1892"},"1":{"0":"Mahadev Desai","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahadev_Desai","2":"Mahadev 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Edgar Hoover, American law enforcement official; 1st Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (died 1972)[195]","html":"1895 – J. Edgar Hoover, American law enforcement official; 1st Director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (died 1972)[195]","links":{"0":{"0":"1895","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1895","2":"1895"},"1":{"0":"J. Edgar Hoover","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/J._Edgar_Hoover","2":"J. 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1990)[198]","html":"1900 – Xavier Cugat, Spanish-American singer-songwriter and actor (died 1990)[198]","links":{"0":{"0":"Xavier Cugat","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Xavier_Cugat","2":"Xavier Cugat"}}},{"text":"1902 – Buster Nupen, Norwegian-South African cricketer and lawyer (died 1977)[199]","html":"1902 – Buster Nupen, Norwegian-South African cricketer and lawyer (died 1977)[199]","links":{"0":{"0":"1902","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1902","2":"1902"},"1":{"0":"Buster Nupen","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Buster_Nupen","2":"Buster Nupen"}}},{"text":"1902 – Hans von Dohnányi, German jurist and political dissident (died 1945)[200]","html":"1902 – Hans von Dohnányi, German jurist and political dissident (died 1945)[200]","links":{"0":{"0":"Hans von Dohn\u00e1nyi","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_von_Dohn%C3%A1nyi","2":"Hans von Dohn\u00e1nyi"}}},{"text":"1904 – Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry, Pakistani lawyer and politician, 5th President of Pakistan (died 1982)[201]","html":"1904 – Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry, Pakistani lawyer and politician, 5th President of Pakistan (died 1982)[201]","links":{"0":{"0":"1904","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1904","2":"1904"},"1":{"0":"Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Fazal_Ilahi_Chaudhry","2":"Fazal Ilahi Chaudhry"},"2":{"0":"President of Pakistan","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_Pakistan","2":"President of Pakistan"}}},{"text":"1905 – Stanisław Mazur, Ukrainian-Polish mathematician and theorist (died 1981)[202]","html":"1905 – Stanisław Mazur, Ukrainian-Polish mathematician and theorist (died 1981)[202]","links":{"0":{"0":"1905","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1905","2":"1905"},"1":{"0":"Stanis\u0142aw Mazur","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Mazur","2":"Stanis\u0142aw Mazur"}}},{"text":"1905 – Lise Lindbæk, Norwegian journalist and war correspondent (died 1961)[203]","html":"1905 – Lise Lindbæk, Norwegian journalist and war correspondent (died 1961)[203]","links":{"0":{"0":"Lise 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historian (died 1995)[213]","links":{"0":{"0":"1912","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1912","2":"1912"},"1":{"0":"Boris Vladimirovich Gnedenko","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Vladimirovich_Gnedenko","2":"Boris Vladimirovich Gnedenko"}}},{"text":"1912 – Kim Philby, British spy (died 1988)[214]","html":"1912 – Kim Philby, British spy (died 1988)[214]","links":{"0":{"0":"Kim Philby","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Kim_Philby","2":"Kim Philby"}}},{"text":"1912 – Nikiforos Vrettakos, Greek poet and academic (died 1991)[215]","html":"1912 – Nikiforos Vrettakos, Greek poet and academic (died 1991)[215]","links":{"0":{"0":"Nikiforos Vrettakos","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikiforos_Vrettakos","2":"Nikiforos Vrettakos"}}},{"text":"1914 – Noor Inayat Khan, British SOE agent (died 1944)[216]","html":"1914 – Noor Inayat Khan, British SOE agent (died 1944)[216]","links":{"0":{"0":"1914","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1914","2":"1914"},"1":{"0":"Noor Inayat 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Mercier","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Sheila_Mercier","2":"Sheila Mercier"},"1":{"0":"Emmerdale Farm","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Emmerdale_Farm","2":"Emmerdale Farm"}}},{"text":"1919 – Bones McKinney, American basketball player (died 1997)[224]","html":"1919 – Bones McKinney, American basketball player (died 1997)[224]","links":{"0":{"0":"Bones McKinney","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Bones_McKinney","2":"Bones McKinney"}}},{"text":"1919 – J. D. Salinger, American soldier and author (died 2010)[225]","html":"1919 – J. D. Salinger, American soldier and author (died 2010)[225]","links":{"0":{"0":"J. D. Salinger","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/J._D._Salinger","2":"J. D. 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Equatorial Guinean politician, 1st President of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea (died 1979)[235]","html":"1924 – Francisco Macías Nguema, Equatorial Guinean politician, 1st President of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea (died 1979)[235]","links":{"0":{"0":"1924","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1924","2":"1924"},"1":{"0":"Francisco Mac\u00edas Nguema","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Francisco_Mac%C3%ADas_Nguema","2":"Francisco Mac\u00edas Nguema"},"2":{"0":"President of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Equatorial_Guinea","2":"President of the Republic of Equatorial Guinea"}}},{"text":"1925 – Matthew Beard, American child actor (died 1981)[236]","html":"1925 – Matthew Beard, American child actor (died 1981)[236]","links":{"0":{"0":"1925","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1925","2":"1925"},"1":{"0":"Matthew Beard","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Stymie_Beard","2":"Matthew Beard"}}},{"text":"1925 – Paul Bomani, Tanzanian politician and diplomat, 1st Tanzanian Minister of Finance (died 2005)[237]","html":"1925 – Paul Bomani, Tanzanian politician and diplomat, 1st Tanzanian Minister of Finance (died 2005)[237]","links":{"0":{"0":"Paul Bomani","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Bomani","2":"Paul Bomani"},"1":{"0":"Tanzanian Minister of Finance","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Tanzania)","2":"Tanzanian Minister of Finance"}}},{"text":"1926 – Kazys Petkevičius, Lithuanian basketball player and coach (died 2008)[238]","html":"1926 – Kazys Petkevičius, Lithuanian basketball player and coach (died 2008)[238]","links":{"0":{"0":"1926","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1926","2":"1926"},"1":{"0":"Kazys Petkevi\u010dius","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazys_Petkevi%C4%8Dius","2":"Kazys Petkevi\u010dius"}}},{"text":"1927 – Maurice Béjart, French-Swiss dancer, choreographer, and director (died 2007)[239]","html":"1927 – Maurice Béjart, French-Swiss dancer, choreographer, and director (died 2007)[239]","links":{"0":{"0":"1927","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1927","2":"1927"},"1":{"0":"Maurice B\u00e9jart","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_B%C3%A9jart","2":"Maurice B\u00e9jart"}}},{"text":"1927 – James Reeb, American clergyman and political activist (died 1965)[240]","html":"1927 – James Reeb, American clergyman and political activist (died 1965)[240]","links":{"0":{"0":"James Reeb","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Reeb","2":"James Reeb"}}},{"text":"1927 – Vernon L. Smith, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate[241]","html":"1927 – Vernon L. Smith, American economist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate[241]","links":{"0":{"0":"Vernon L. Smith","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernon_L._Smith","2":"Vernon L. 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King, American journalist, author, and playwright (died 2012)[245][218]","html":"1929 – Larry L. King, American journalist, author, and playwright (died 2012)[245][218]","links":{"0":{"0":"1929","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1929","2":"1929"},"1":{"0":"Larry L. King","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Larry_L._King","2":"Larry L. 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Italian conductor (died 1989)[248]","html":"1932 – Giuseppe Patanè, Italian conductor (died 1989)[248]","links":{"0":{"0":"1932","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1932","2":"1932"},"1":{"0":"Giuseppe Patan\u00e8","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Giuseppe_Patan%C3%A8","2":"Giuseppe Patan\u00e8"}}},{"text":"1933 – James Hormel, American philanthropist and diplomat (died 2021)[249]","html":"1933 – James Hormel, American philanthropist and diplomat (died 2021)[249]","links":{"0":{"0":"1933","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1933","2":"1933"},"1":{"0":"James Hormel","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Hormel","2":"James Hormel"}}},{"text":"1933 – Joe Orton, English dramatist (died 1967)[250][218]","html":"1933 – Joe Orton, English dramatist (died 1967)[250][218]","links":{"0":{"0":"Joe Orton","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Orton","2":"Joe Orton"}}},{"text":"1934 – Alan Berg, American lawyer and radio host (died 1984)[251]","html":"1934 – Alan Berg, American lawyer and radio host (died 1984)[251]","links":{"0":{"0":"1934","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1934","2":"1934"},"1":{"0":"Alan Berg","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_Berg","2":"Alan Berg"}}},{"text":"1934 – Lakhdar Brahimi, Algerian politician, Algerian Minister of Foreign Affairs[252]","html":"1934 – Lakhdar Brahimi, Algerian politician, Algerian Minister of Foreign Affairs[252]","links":{"0":{"0":"Lakhdar Brahimi","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Lakhdar_Brahimi","2":"Lakhdar Brahimi"},"1":{"0":"Algerian Minister of Foreign Affairs","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Algeria)","2":"Algerian Minister of Foreign Affairs"}}},{"text":"1935 – Om Prakash Chautala, Indian politician (died 2024)[253]","html":"1935 – Om Prakash Chautala, Indian politician (died 2024)[253]","links":{"0":{"0":"1935","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1935","2":"1935"},"1":{"0":"Om Prakash Chautala","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Om_Prakash_Chautala","2":"Om Prakash Chautala"}}},{"text":"1936 – James Sinegal, American businessman, co-founded Costco[254]","html":"1936 – James Sinegal, American businessman, co-founded Costco[254]","links":{"0":{"0":"1936","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1936","2":"1936"},"1":{"0":"James Sinegal","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Sinegal","2":"James Sinegal"},"2":{"0":"Costco","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Costco","2":"Costco"}}},{"text":"1938 – Frank Langella, American actor[255][218]","html":"1938 – Frank Langella, American actor[255][218]","links":{"0":{"0":"1938","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1938","2":"1938"},"1":{"0":"Frank Langella","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank_Langella","2":"Frank Langella"}}},{"text":"1939 – Michèle Mercier, French actress[256]","html":"1939 – Michèle Mercier, French actress[256]","links":{"0":{"0":"1939","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1939","2":"1939"},"1":{"0":"Mich\u00e8le Mercier","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Mich%C3%A8le_Mercier","2":"Mich\u00e8le Mercier"}}},{"text":"1939 – Phil Read, English motorcycle racer and businessman (died 2022)[257]","html":"1939 – Phil Read, English motorcycle racer and businessman (died 2022)[257]","links":{"0":{"0":"Phil Read","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Phil_Read","2":"Phil Read"}}},{"text":"1939 – Senfronia Thompson, American politician[258]","html":"1939 – Senfronia Thompson, American politician[258]","links":{"0":{"0":"Senfronia Thompson","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Senfronia_Thompson","2":"Senfronia Thompson"}}},{"text":"1939 – Younoussi Touré, Malian politician, Prime Minister of Mali (died 2022)[259]","html":"1939 – Younoussi Touré, Malian politician, Prime Minister of Mali (died 2022)[259]","links":{"0":{"0":"Younoussi Tour\u00e9","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Younoussi_Tour%C3%A9","2":"Younoussi Tour\u00e9"},"1":{"0":"Prime Minister of Mali","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Mali","2":"Prime Minister of Mali"}}},{"text":"1942 – Dennis Archer, American lawyer and politician, 67th Mayor of Detroit[260]","html":"1942 – Dennis Archer, American lawyer and politician, 67th Mayor of Detroit[260]","links":{"0":{"0":"1942","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1942","2":"1942"},"1":{"0":"Dennis Archer","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_Archer","2":"Dennis Archer"},"2":{"0":"Mayor of Detroit","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayor_of_Detroit","2":"Mayor of Detroit"}}},{"text":"1942 – Anthony Hamilton-Smith, 3rd Baron Colwyn, English dentist and politician (died 2024)[261]","html":"1942 – Anthony Hamilton-Smith, 3rd Baron Colwyn, English dentist and politician (died 2024)[261]","links":{"0":{"0":"Anthony Hamilton-Smith, 3rd Baron Colwyn","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony_Hamilton-Smith,_3rd_Baron_Colwyn","2":"Anthony Hamilton-Smith, 3rd Baron Colwyn"}}},{"text":"1942 – Country Joe McDonald, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[262]","html":"1942 – Country Joe McDonald, American singer-songwriter and guitarist[262]","links":{"0":{"0":"Country Joe McDonald","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Country_Joe_McDonald","2":"Country Joe McDonald"}}},{"text":"1942 – Alassane Ouattara, Ivorian economist and politician, President of the Ivory Coast[263]","html":"1942 – Alassane Ouattara, Ivorian economist and politician, President of the Ivory Coast[263]","links":{"0":{"0":"Alassane Ouattara","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Alassane_Ouattara","2":"Alassane Ouattara"},"1":{"0":"President of the Ivory Coast","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Ivory_Coast","2":"President of the Ivory Coast"}}},{"text":"1942 – Gennadi Sarafanov, Russian pilot and cosmonaut (died 2005)[264]","html":"1942 – Gennadi Sarafanov, Russian pilot and cosmonaut (died 2005)[264]","links":{"0":{"0":"Gennadi Sarafanov","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Gennadi_Sarafanov","2":"Gennadi Sarafanov"}}},{"text":"1943 – Tony Knowles, American soldier and politician, 7th Governor of Alaska[265]","html":"1943 – Tony Knowles, American soldier and politician, 7th Governor of Alaska[265]","links":{"0":{"0":"1943","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1943","2":"1943"},"1":{"0":"Tony Knowles","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Knowles_(politician)","2":"Tony Knowles"},"2":{"0":"Governor of Alaska","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_Alaska","2":"Governor of Alaska"}}},{"text":"1943 – Don Novello, American comedian, screenwriter and producer[266][218]","html":"1943 – Don Novello, American comedian, screenwriter and producer[266][218]","links":{"0":{"0":"Don Novello","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_Novello","2":"Don Novello"}}},{"text":"1943 – Vladimir Šeks, Croatian lawyer and politician, 16th Speaker of the Croatian Parliament[267]","html":"1943 – Vladimir Šeks, Croatian lawyer and politician, 16th Speaker of the Croatian Parliament[267]","links":{"0":{"0":"Vladimir \u0160eks","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Vladimir_%C5%A0eks","2":"Vladimir \u0160eks"},"1":{"0":"Speaker of the Croatian 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Ashe","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Ashe","2":"Victor Ashe"}}},{"text":"1945 – Jacky Ickx, Belgian racing driver[274]","html":"1945 – Jacky Ickx, Belgian racing driver[274]","links":{"0":{"0":"Jacky Ickx","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacky_Ickx","2":"Jacky Ickx"}}},{"text":"1945 – Jimmy Jones, American basketball player[275]","html":"1945 – Jimmy Jones, American basketball player[275]","links":{"0":{"0":"Jimmy Jones","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Jones_(basketball)","2":"Jimmy Jones"}}},{"text":"1946 – Rivellino, Brazilian footballer and manager[276]","html":"1946 – Rivellino, Brazilian footballer and manager[276]","links":{"0":{"0":"1946","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1946","2":"1946"},"1":{"0":"Rivellino","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Rivellino","2":"Rivellino"}}},{"text":"1946 – Claude Steele, American social psychologist and academic[277]","html":"1946 – Claude Steele, American social psychologist and academic[277]","links":{"0":{"0":"Claude 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diplomat[282]","links":{"0":{"0":"1949","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1949","2":"1949"},"1":{"0":"Borys Tarasyuk","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Borys_Tarasyuk","2":"Borys Tarasyuk"}}},{"text":"1950 – Wayne Bennett, Australian rugby league player and coach[283]","html":"1950 – Wayne Bennett, Australian rugby league player and coach[283]","links":{"0":{"0":"1950","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1950","2":"1950"},"1":{"0":"Wayne Bennett","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayne_Bennett_(rugby_league)","2":"Wayne Bennett"}}},{"text":"1950 – Tony Currie, English footballer[284]","html":"1950 – Tony Currie, English footballer[284]","links":{"0":{"0":"Tony Currie","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Currie_(footballer)","2":"Tony Currie"}}},{"text":"1952 – Shaji N. Karun, Indian director and cinematographer (died 2025)[285]","html":"1952 – Shaji N. Karun, Indian director and cinematographer (died 2025)[285]","links":{"0":{"0":"1952","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1952","2":"1952"},"1":{"0":"Shaji N. Karun","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaji_N._Karun","2":"Shaji N. Karun"}}},{"text":"1953 – Gary Johnson, American businessman and politician, 29th Governor of New Mexico[286]","html":"1953 – Gary Johnson, American businessman and politician, 29th Governor of New Mexico[286]","links":{"0":{"0":"1953","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1953","2":"1953"},"1":{"0":"Gary Johnson","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_Johnson","2":"Gary Johnson"},"2":{"0":"Governor of New Mexico","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_New_Mexico","2":"Governor of New Mexico"}}},{"text":"1954 – Richard Edson, American actor[287]","html":"1954 – Richard Edson, American actor[287]","links":{"0":{"0":"1954","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1954","2":"1954"},"1":{"0":"Richard Edson","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Edson","2":"Richard Edson"}}},{"text":"1954 – Bob Menendez, American lawyer and politician[288]","html":"1954 – Bob Menendez, American lawyer and politician[288]","links":{"0":{"0":"Bob Menendez","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Menendez","2":"Bob Menendez"}}},{"text":"1954 – Dennis O'Driscoll, Irish poet and critic (died 2012)[289]","html":"1954 – Dennis O'Driscoll, Irish poet and critic (died 2012)[289]","links":{"0":{"0":"Dennis O'Driscoll","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennis_O%27Driscoll","2":"Dennis O'Driscoll"}}},{"text":"1954 – Yannis Papathanasiou, Greek engineer and politician, Greek Minister of Finance[290]","html":"1954 – Yannis Papathanasiou, Greek engineer and politician, Greek Minister of Finance[290]","links":{"0":{"0":"Yannis Papathanasiou","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Yannis_Papathanasiou","2":"Yannis Papathanasiou"},"1":{"0":"Greek Minister of Finance","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Greece)","2":"Greek Minister of Finance"}}},{"text":"1955 – Mary Beard, English classicist, academic and presenter[291]","html":"1955 – Mary Beard, English classicist, academic and presenter[291]","links":{"0":{"0":"1955","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1955","2":"1955"},"1":{"0":"Mary Beard","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Beard_(classicist)","2":"Mary Beard"}}},{"text":"1955 – LaMarr Hoyt, American baseball player (died 2021)[292]","html":"1955 – LaMarr Hoyt, American baseball player (died 2021)[292]","links":{"0":{"0":"LaMarr Hoyt","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/LaMarr_Hoyt","2":"LaMarr Hoyt"}}},{"text":"1956 – Sergei Avdeyev, Russian engineer and astronaut[293]","html":"1956 – Sergei Avdeyev, Russian engineer and astronaut[293]","links":{"0":{"0":"1956","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1956","2":"1956"},"1":{"0":"Sergei Avdeyev","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergei_Avdeyev","2":"Sergei Avdeyev"}}},{"text":"1956 – Royce Ayliffe, Australian rugby league player[294]","html":"1956 – Royce Ayliffe, Australian rugby league player[294]","links":{"0":{"0":"Royce Ayliffe","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Royce_Ayliffe","2":"Royce Ayliffe"}}},{"text":"1956 – Christine Lagarde, French lawyer and politician; Managing Director, International Monetary Fund[295]","html":"1956 – Christine Lagarde, French lawyer and politician; Managing Director, International Monetary Fund[295]","links":{"0":{"0":"Christine Lagarde","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagarde","2":"Christine Lagarde"},"1":{"0":"International Monetary Fund","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund","2":"International Monetary Fund"}}},{"text":"1956 – Mike Mitchell, American basketball player (died 2011)[296]","html":"1956 – Mike Mitchell, American basketball player (died 2011)[296]","links":{"0":{"0":"Mike Mitchell","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Mitchell_(basketball,_born_1956)","2":"Mike Mitchell"}}},{"text":"1956 – Martin Plaza, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist[297]","html":"1956 – Martin Plaza, Australian singer-songwriter and guitarist[297]","links":{"0":{"0":"Martin Plaza","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Plaza","2":"Martin Plaza"}}},{"text":"1957 – Evangelos Venizelos, Greek lawyer and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Greece[298]","html":"1957 – Evangelos Venizelos, Greek lawyer and politician, Deputy Prime Minister of Greece[298]","links":{"0":{"0":"1957","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1957","2":"1957"},"1":{"0":"Evangelos Venizelos","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Evangelos_Venizelos","2":"Evangelos Venizelos"},"2":{"0":"Deputy Prime Minister of Greece","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Greece","2":"Deputy Prime Minister of Greece"}}},{"text":"1958 – Grandmaster Flash, Barbadian rapper and DJ[299]","html":"1958 – Grandmaster Flash, Barbadian rapper and DJ[299]","links":{"0":{"0":"1958","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1958","2":"1958"},"1":{"0":"Grandmaster Flash","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Grandmaster_Flash","2":"Grandmaster Flash"}}},{"text":"1958 – Dave Silk, American ice hockey player[300]","html":"1958 – Dave Silk, American ice hockey player[300]","links":{"0":{"0":"Dave Silk","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Dave_Silk","2":"Dave Silk"}}},{"text":"1959 – Abdul Ahad Mohmand, Afghan colonel, pilot, and astronaut[301]","html":"1959 – Abdul Ahad Mohmand, Afghan colonel, pilot, and astronaut[301]","links":{"0":{"0":"1959","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1959","2":"1959"},"1":{"0":"Abdul Ahad Mohmand","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdul_Ahad_Mohmand","2":"Abdul Ahad Mohmand"}}},{"text":"1959 – Azali Assoumani, Comorian colonel and politician, President of the Comoros[302]","html":"1959 – Azali Assoumani, Comorian colonel and politician, President of the Comoros[302]","links":{"0":{"0":"Azali Assoumani","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Azali_Assoumani","2":"Azali Assoumani"},"1":{"0":"President of the Comoros","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_heads_of_state_of_Comoros","2":"President of the Comoros"}}},{"text":"1959 – Panagiotis Giannakis, Greek basketball player and coach[303]","html":"1959 – Panagiotis Giannakis, Greek basketball player and coach[303]","links":{"0":{"0":"Panagiotis Giannakis","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Panagiotis_Giannakis","2":"Panagiotis Giannakis"}}},{"text":"1959 – Adrian Hall, English director and former actor[304]","html":"1959 – Adrian Hall, English director and former actor[304]","links":{"0":{"0":"Adrian Hall","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrian_Hall_(actor)","2":"Adrian Hall"}}},{"text":"1961 – Sam Backo, Australian rugby league player (died 2025)[305]","html":"1961 – Sam Backo, Australian rugby league player (died 2025)[305]","links":{"0":{"0":"1961","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1961","2":"1961"},"1":{"0":"Sam Backo","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Sam_Backo","2":"Sam Backo"}}},{"text":"1962 – Anton Muscatelli, Italian-Scottish economist and academic[306]","html":"1962 – Anton Muscatelli, Italian-Scottish economist and academic[306]","links":{"0":{"0":"1962","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1962","2":"1962"},"1":{"0":"Anton Muscatelli","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton_Muscatelli","2":"Anton Muscatelli"}}},{"text":"1963 – Milo Aukerman, American singer and songwriter[307]","html":"1963 – Milo Aukerman, American singer and songwriter[307]","links":{"0":{"0":"1963","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1963","2":"1963"},"1":{"0":"Milo Aukerman","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Milo_Aukerman","2":"Milo Aukerman"}}},{"text":"1963 – Jean-Marc Gounon, French racing driver[308]","html":"1963 – Jean-Marc Gounon, French racing driver[308]","links":{"0":{"0":"Jean-Marc Gounon","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Marc_Gounon","2":"Jean-Marc Gounon"}}},{"text":"1964 – Dedee Pfeiffer, American actress[309]","html":"1964 – Dedee Pfeiffer, American actress[309]","links":{"0":{"0":"1964","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1964","2":"1964"},"1":{"0":"Dedee Pfeiffer","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Dedee_Pfeiffer","2":"Dedee Pfeiffer"}}},{"text":"1966 – Anna Burke, Australian businesswoman and politician, 28th Speaker of the Australian House of Representatives[310]","html":"1966 – Anna Burke, Australian businesswoman and politician, 28th Speaker of the Australian House of Representatives[310]","links":{"0":{"0":"1966","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1966","2":"1966"},"1":{"0":"Anna Burke","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Burke","2":"Anna Burke"},"2":{"0":"Speaker of the Australian House of Representatives","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Speaker_of_the_Australian_House_of_Representatives","2":"Speaker of the Australian House of Representatives"}}},{"text":"1966 – Ivica Dačić, Serbian journalist and politician, 95th Prime Minister of Serbia[311]","html":"1966 – Ivica Dačić, Serbian journalist and politician, 95th Prime Minister of Serbia[311]","links":{"0":{"0":"Ivica Da\u010di\u0107","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivica_Da%C4%8Di%C4%87","2":"Ivica Da\u010di\u0107"},"1":{"0":"Prime Minister of Serbia","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Serbia","2":"Prime Minister of Serbia"}}},{"text":"1966 – Tihomir Orešković, Croatian–Canadian businessman, 11th Prime Minister of Croatia[312]","html":"1966 – Tihomir Orešković, Croatian–Canadian businessman, 11th Prime Minister of Croatia[312]","links":{"0":{"0":"Tihomir Ore\u0161kovi\u0107","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Tihomir_Ore%C5%A1kovi%C4%87","2":"Tihomir Ore\u0161kovi\u0107"},"1":{"0":"Prime Minister of Croatia","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Croatia","2":"Prime Minister of Croatia"}}},{"text":"1967 – Tawera Nikau, New Zealand rugby league player[313]","html":"1967 – Tawera Nikau, New Zealand rugby league player[313]","links":{"0":{"0":"1967","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1967","2":"1967"},"1":{"0":"Tawera Nikau","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Tawera_Nikau","2":"Tawera Nikau"}}},{"text":"1968 – Davor Šuker, Croatian footballer[314]","html":"1968 – Davor Šuker, Croatian footballer[314]","links":{"0":{"0":"1968","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1968","2":"1968"},"1":{"0":"Davor \u0160uker","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Davor_%C5%A0uker","2":"Davor \u0160uker"}}},{"text":"1969 – Morris Chestnut, American actor[315]","html":"1969 – Morris Chestnut, American actor[315]","links":{"0":{"0":"1969","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1969","2":"1969"},"1":{"0":"Morris Chestnut","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Morris_Chestnut","2":"Morris Chestnut"}}},{"text":"1969 – Verne Troyer, American actor (died 2018)[316]","html":"1969 – Verne Troyer, American actor (died 2018)[316]","links":{"0":{"0":"Verne Troyer","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Verne_Troyer","2":"Verne Troyer"}}},{"text":"1970 – Sergei Kiriakov, Russian footballer and coach[317]","html":"1970 – Sergei Kiriakov, Russian footballer and coach[317]","links":{"0":{"0":"1970","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1970","2":"1970"},"1":{"0":"Sergei Kiriakov","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergei_Kiriakov","2":"Sergei Kiriakov"}}},{"text":"1971 – Sammie Henson, American wrestler and coach[318]","html":"1971 – Sammie Henson, American wrestler and coach[318]","links":{"0":{"0":"1971","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1971","2":"1971"},"1":{"0":"Sammie Henson","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Sammie_Henson","2":"Sammie Henson"}}},{"text":"1971 – Bobby Holík, Czech-American ice hockey player and coach[319]","html":"1971 – Bobby Holík, Czech-American ice hockey player and coach[319]","links":{"0":{"0":"Bobby Hol\u00edk","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Hol%C3%ADk","2":"Bobby Hol\u00edk"}}},{"text":"1971 – Jyotiraditya Madhavrao Scindia, Indian politician[320]","html":"1971 – Jyotiraditya Madhavrao Scindia, Indian politician[320]","links":{"0":{"0":"Jyotiraditya Madhavrao Scindia","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Jyotiraditya_Madhavrao_Scindia","2":"Jyotiraditya Madhavrao Scindia"}}},{"text":"1972 – Lilian Thuram, French footballer[321]","html":"1972 – Lilian Thuram, French footballer[321]","links":{"0":{"0":"1972","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1972","2":"1972"},"1":{"0":"Lilian 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player[341]","html":"1985 – Jeff Carter, Canadian ice hockey player[341]","links":{"0":{"0":"1985","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1985","2":"1985"},"1":{"0":"Jeff Carter","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff_Carter","2":"Jeff Carter"}}},{"text":"1985 – Steven Davis, Northern Irish footballer[342]","html":"1985 – Steven Davis, Northern Irish footballer[342]","links":{"0":{"0":"Steven Davis","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_Davis","2":"Steven Davis"}}},{"text":"1985 – Kenoh, Japanese professional wrestler[343]","html":"1985 – Kenoh, Japanese professional wrestler[343]","links":{"0":{"0":"Kenoh","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenoh","2":"Kenoh"}}},{"text":"1985 – Tiago Splitter, Brazilian basketball player[344]","html":"1985 – Tiago Splitter, Brazilian basketball player[344]","links":{"0":{"0":"Tiago Splitter","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiago_Splitter","2":"Tiago Splitter"}}},{"text":"1986 – Pablo Cuevas, Uruguayan tennis player[345]","html":"1986 – Pablo Cuevas, Uruguayan 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Abdoulaye Doucouré, Malian footballer[363]","links":{"0":{"0":"1993","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1993","2":"1993"},"1":{"0":"Abdoulaye Doucour\u00e9","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdoulaye_Doucour%C3%A9","2":"Abdoulaye Doucour\u00e9"}}},{"text":"1994 – Brendan Elliot, Australian rugby league player[364]","html":"1994 – Brendan Elliot, Australian rugby league player[364]","links":{"0":{"0":"1994","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1994","2":"1994"},"1":{"0":"Brendan Elliot","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Brendan_Elliot","2":"Brendan Elliot"}}},{"text":"1994 – LaMonte Wade Jr., American baseball player[365]","html":"1994 – LaMonte Wade Jr., American baseball player[365]","links":{"0":{"0":"LaMonte Wade Jr.","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/LaMonte_Wade_Jr.","2":"LaMonte Wade Jr."}}},{"text":"1995 – Sardar Azmoun, Iranian footballer[366]","html":"1995 – Sardar Azmoun, Iranian footballer[366]","links":{"0":{"0":"1995","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1995","2":"1995"},"1":{"0":"Sardar 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Angourie Rice, Australian actress[382]","html":"2001 – Angourie Rice, Australian actress[382]","links":{"0":{"0":"2001","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2001","2":"2001"},"1":{"0":"Angourie Rice","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Angourie_Rice","2":"Angourie Rice"}}},{"text":"2001 – Winter, South Korean singer[383]","html":"2001 – Winter, South Korean singer[383]","links":{"0":{"0":"Winter","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Winter_(singer)","2":"Winter"}}},{"text":"2002 – Simon Adingra, Ivorian footballer[384]","html":"2002 – Simon Adingra, Ivorian footballer[384]","links":{"0":{"0":"2002","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2002","2":"2002"},"1":{"0":"Simon Adingra","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon_Adingra","2":"Simon Adingra"}}},{"text":"2003 – Daria Trubnikova, Russian rhythmic gymnast[385]","html":"2003 – Daria Trubnikova, Russian rhythmic gymnast[385]","links":{"0":{"0":"2003","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2003","2":"2003"},"1":{"0":"Daria 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1503)[398]","links":{"0":{"0":"1559","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1559","2":"1559"},"1":{"0":"Christian III","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Christian_III_of_Denmark","2":"Christian III"}}},{"text":"1560 – Joachim du Bellay, French poet and critic (born 1522)[399]","html":"1560 – Joachim du Bellay, French poet and critic (born 1522)[399]","links":{"0":{"0":"1560","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1560","2":"1560"},"1":{"0":"Joachim du Bellay","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Joachim_du_Bellay","2":"Joachim du Bellay"}}},{"text":"1617 – Hendrik Goltzius, Dutch painter and illustrator (born 1558)[400]","html":"1617 – Hendrik Goltzius, Dutch painter and illustrator (born 1558)[400]","links":{"0":{"0":"1617","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1617","2":"1617"},"1":{"0":"Hendrik Goltzius","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Hendrik_Goltzius","2":"Hendrik Goltzius"}}},{"text":"1697 – Filippo Baldinucci, Florentine historian and author (born 1625)[401]","html":"1697 – Filippo Baldinucci, Florentine historian and author (born 1625)[401]","links":{"0":{"0":"1697","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1697","2":"1697"},"1":{"0":"Filippo Baldinucci","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Filippo_Baldinucci","2":"Filippo Baldinucci"}}},{"text":"1716 – William Wycherley, English playwright and poet (born 1641)[402]","html":"1716 – William Wycherley, English playwright and poet (born 1641)[402]","links":{"0":{"0":"1716","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1716","2":"1716"},"1":{"0":"William Wycherley","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Wycherley","2":"William Wycherley"}}},{"text":"1748 – Johann Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician and academic (born 1667)[403]","html":"1748 – Johann Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician and academic (born 1667)[403]","links":{"0":{"0":"1748","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1748","2":"1748"},"1":{"0":"Johann Bernoulli","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Bernoulli","2":"Johann Bernoulli"}}},{"text":"1766 – James Francis Edward Stuart, Jacobite pretender (born 1688)[404]","html":"1766 – James Francis Edward Stuart, Jacobite pretender (born 1688)[404]","links":{"0":{"0":"1766","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1766","2":"1766"},"1":{"0":"James Francis Edward Stuart","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Francis_Edward_Stuart","2":"James Francis Edward Stuart"}}},{"text":"1780 – Johann Ludwig Krebs, German organist and composer (born 1713)[405]","html":"1780 – Johann Ludwig Krebs, German organist and composer (born 1713)[405]","links":{"0":{"0":"1780","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1780","2":"1780"},"1":{"0":"Johann Ludwig Krebs","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Ludwig_Krebs","2":"Johann Ludwig Krebs"}}},{"text":"1782 – Johann Christian Bach, German composer (born 1735)[406]","html":"1782 – Johann Christian Bach, German composer (born 1735)[406]","links":{"0":{"0":"1782","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1782","2":"1782"},"1":{"0":"Johann Christian Bach","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann_Christian_Bach","2":"Johann Christian 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1778)[411]","links":{"0":{"0":"1853","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1853","2":"1853"},"1":{"0":"Gregory Blaxland","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Gregory_Blaxland","2":"Gregory Blaxland"}}},{"text":"1862 – Mikhail Ostrogradsky, Ukrainian mathematician and physicist (born 1801)[412][413]","html":"1862 – Mikhail Ostrogradsky, Ukrainian mathematician and physicist (born 1801)[412][413]","links":{"0":{"0":"1862","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1862","2":"1862"},"1":{"0":"Mikhail Ostrogradsky","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikhail_Ostrogradsky","2":"Mikhail Ostrogradsky"}}},{"text":"1881 – Louis Auguste Blanqui, French activist (born 1805)[414]","html":"1881 – Louis Auguste Blanqui, French activist (born 1805)[414]","links":{"0":{"0":"1881","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1881","2":"1881"},"1":{"0":"Louis Auguste Blanqui","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Auguste_Blanqui","2":"Louis Auguste Blanqui"}}},{"text":"1892 – Roswell B. Mason, American lawyer and politician, 25th Mayor of Chicago (born 1805)[415]","html":"1892 – Roswell B. Mason, American lawyer and politician, 25th Mayor of Chicago (born 1805)[415]","links":{"0":{"0":"1892","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1892","2":"1892"},"1":{"0":"Roswell B. Mason","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Roswell_B._Mason","2":"Roswell B. 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Donnelly, American politician and promoter of pseudoscience and pseudohistory (born 1831)[418]","html":"1901 – Ignatius L. Donnelly, American politician and promoter of pseudoscience and pseudohistory (born 1831)[418]","links":{"0":{"0":"1901","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1901","2":"1901"},"1":{"0":"Ignatius L. Donnelly","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Ignatius_L._Donnelly","2":"Ignatius L. 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microbiologist and botanist (born 1851)[425]","html":"1931 – Martinus Beijerinck, Dutch microbiologist and botanist (born 1851)[425]","links":{"0":{"0":"1931","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1931","2":"1931"},"1":{"0":"Martinus Beijerinck","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Martinus_Beijerinck","2":"Martinus Beijerinck"}}},{"text":"1937 – Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati, Indian religious leader, founded the Gaudiya Math (born 1874)[426]","html":"1937 – Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati, Indian religious leader, founded the Gaudiya Math (born 1874)[426]","links":{"0":{"0":"1937","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1937","2":"1937"},"1":{"0":"Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhaktisiddhanta_Sarasvati","2":"Bhaktisiddhanta Sarasvati"},"2":{"0":"Gaudiya Math","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaudiya_Math","2":"Gaudiya Math"}}},{"text":"1940 – Panuganti Lakshminarasimha Rao, Indian author and educator (born 1865)[427]","html":"1940 – Panuganti Lakshminarasimha Rao, Indian author and educator (born 1865)[427]","links":{"0":{"0":"1940","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1940","2":"1940"},"1":{"0":"Panuganti Lakshminarasimha Rao","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Panuganti_Lakshminarasimha_Rao","2":"Panuganti Lakshminarasimha Rao"}}},{"text":"1943 – Jenő Rejtő, Hungarian journalist (born 1905)[428]","html":"1943 – Jenő Rejtő, Hungarian journalist (born 1905)[428]","links":{"0":{"0":"1943","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1943","2":"1943"},"1":{"0":"Jen\u0151 Rejt\u0151","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Jen%C5%91_Rejt%C5%91","2":"Jen\u0151 Rejt\u0151"}}},{"text":"1944 – Edwin Lutyens, English architect, designed the Castle Drogo and Thiepval Memorial (born 1869)[429]","html":"1944 – Edwin Lutyens, English architect, designed the Castle Drogo and Thiepval Memorial (born 1869)[429]","links":{"0":{"0":"1944","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1944","2":"1944"},"1":{"0":"Edwin Lutyens","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Edwin_Lutyens","2":"Edwin Lutyens"},"2":{"0":"Castle 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and scientific administrator (born 1894)[432]","links":{"0":{"0":"1955","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1955","2":"1955"},"1":{"0":"Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Shanti_Swarup_Bhatnagar","2":"Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar"}}},{"text":"1954 – Duff Cooper, English politician and diplomat, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (born 1890)[433]","html":"1954 – Duff Cooper, English politician and diplomat, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (born 1890)[433]","links":{"0":{"0":"1954","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1954","2":"1954"},"1":{"0":"Duff Cooper","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Duff_Cooper","2":"Duff Cooper"},"2":{"0":"Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Chancellor_of_the_Duchy_of_Lancaster","2":"Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster"}}},{"text":"1954 – Leonard Bacon, American poet and critic (born 1887)[434]","html":"1954 – Leonard Bacon, American poet and critic (born 1887)[434]","links":{"0":{"0":"Leonard Bacon","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonard_Bacon_(poet)","2":"Leonard Bacon"}}},{"text":"1955 – Arthur C. Parker, American archaeologist and historian (born 1881)[435]","html":"1955 – Arthur C. Parker, American archaeologist and historian (born 1881)[435]","links":{"0":{"0":"1955","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1955","2":"1955"},"1":{"0":"Arthur C. Parker","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_C._Parker","2":"Arthur C. Parker"}}},{"text":"1958 – Edward Weston, American photographer (born 1886)[436]","html":"1958 – Edward Weston, American photographer (born 1886)[436]","links":{"0":{"0":"1958","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1958","2":"1958"},"1":{"0":"Edward Weston","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Weston","2":"Edward Weston"}}},{"text":"1960 – Margaret Sullavan, American actress (born 1909)[437]","html":"1960 – Margaret Sullavan, American actress (born 1909)[437]","links":{"0":{"0":"1960","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1960","2":"1960"},"1":{"0":"Margaret Sullavan","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Sullavan","2":"Margaret Sullavan"}}},{"text":"1961 – Alastair Denniston, Scottish cryptologist (born 1881)[438]","html":"1961 – Alastair Denniston, Scottish cryptologist (born 1881)[438]","links":{"0":{"0":"1961","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1961","2":"1961"},"1":{"0":"Alastair Denniston","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Alastair_Denniston","2":"Alastair Denniston"}}},{"text":"1966 – Vincent Auriol, French journalist and politician, 16th President of the French Republic (born 1884)[439]","html":"1966 – Vincent Auriol, French journalist and politician, 16th President of the French Republic (born 1884)[439]","links":{"0":{"0":"1966","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1966","2":"1966"},"1":{"0":"Vincent Auriol","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincent_Auriol","2":"Vincent Auriol"},"2":{"0":"President of the French Republic","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_French_Republic","2":"President of the French Republic"}}},{"text":"1969 – Barton MacLane, American actor, playwright and screenwriter (born 1902)[440]","html":"1969 – Barton MacLane, American actor, playwright and screenwriter (born 1902)[440]","links":{"0":{"0":"1969","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1969","2":"1969"},"1":{"0":"Barton MacLane","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Barton_MacLane","2":"Barton MacLane"}}},{"text":"1971 – Amphilochius of Pochayiv, Ukrainian saint (born 1894)[441]","html":"1971 – Amphilochius of Pochayiv, Ukrainian saint (born 1894)[441]","links":{"0":{"0":"1971","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1971","2":"1971"},"1":{"0":"Amphilochius of Pochayiv","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphilochius_of_Pochayiv","2":"Amphilochius of Pochayiv"}}},{"text":"1972 – Maurice Chevalier, French actor and singer (born 1888)[442]","html":"1972 – Maurice Chevalier, French actor and singer (born 1888)[442]","links":{"0":{"0":"1972","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1972","2":"1972"},"1":{"0":"Maurice Chevalier","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Maurice_Chevalier","2":"Maurice Chevalier"}}},{"text":"1977 – Roland Hayes, American lyric tenor and composer (born 1887)[443]","html":"1977 – Roland Hayes, American lyric tenor and composer (born 1887)[443]","links":{"0":{"0":"1977","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1977","2":"1977"},"1":{"0":"Roland Hayes","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Hayes","2":"Roland Hayes"}}},{"text":"1978 – Carle Hessay, German-Canadian painter (born 1911)[444]","html":"1978 – Carle Hessay, German-Canadian painter (born 1911)[444]","links":{"0":{"0":"1978","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1978","2":"1978"},"1":{"0":"Carle Hessay","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Carle_Hessay","2":"Carle Hessay"}}},{"text":"1980 – Pietro Nenni, Italian journalist and politician, Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs (born 1891)[445]","html":"1980 – Pietro Nenni, Italian journalist and politician, Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs (born 1891)[445]","links":{"0":{"0":"1980","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1980","2":"1980"},"1":{"0":"Pietro Nenni","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Pietro_Nenni","2":"Pietro Nenni"},"2":{"0":"Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Italian_Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs","2":"Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs"}}},{"text":"1981 – Hephzibah Menuhin, American-Australian pianist (born 1920)[446]","html":"1981 – Hephzibah Menuhin, American-Australian pianist (born 1920)[446]","links":{"0":{"0":"1981","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1981","2":"1981"},"1":{"0":"Hephzibah Menuhin","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Hephzibah_Menuhin","2":"Hephzibah Menuhin"}}},{"text":"1982 – Victor Buono, American actor (born 1938)[447]","html":"1982 – Victor Buono, American actor (born 1938)[447]","links":{"0":{"0":"1982","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1982","2":"1982"},"1":{"0":"Victor Buono","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Victor_Buono","2":"Victor Buono"}}},{"text":"1984 – Alexis Korner, French-English singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1928)[448]","html":"1984 – Alexis Korner, French-English singer-songwriter and guitarist (born 1928)[448]","links":{"0":{"0":"1984","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1984","2":"1984"},"1":{"0":"Alexis Korner","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexis_Korner","2":"Alexis Korner"}}},{"text":"1984 – Joaquín Rodríguez Ortega, known as \"Cagancho\", Spanish bullfighter (born 1903)[449]","html":"1984 – Joaquín Rodríguez Ortega, known as \"Cagancho\", Spanish bullfighter (born 1903)[449]","links":{"0":{"0":"Joaqu\u00edn Rodr\u00edguez Ortega","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Joaqu%C3%ADn_Rodr%C3%ADguez_Ortega","2":"Joaqu\u00edn Rodr\u00edguez Ortega"}}},{"text":"1988 – Clementine Hunter, American folk artist (born 1886 or 1887)[450]","html":"1988 – Clementine Hunter, American folk artist (born 1886 or 1887)[450]","links":{"0":{"0":"1988","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1988","2":"1988"},"1":{"0":"Clementine Hunter","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Clementine_Hunter","2":"Clementine Hunter"}}},{"text":"1992 – Grace Hopper, American computer scientist and admiral, co-developed COBOL (born 1906)[451]","html":"1992 – Grace Hopper, American computer scientist and admiral, co-developed COBOL (born 1906)[451]","links":{"0":{"0":"1992","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1992","2":"1992"},"1":{"0":"Grace Hopper","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Grace_Hopper","2":"Grace 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historian and academic (born 1914)[454]","html":"1994 – Edward Arthur Thompson, Irish historian and academic (born 1914)[454]","links":{"0":{"0":"Edward Arthur Thompson","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward_Arthur_Thompson","2":"Edward Arthur Thompson"}}},{"text":"1995 – Eugene Wigner, Hungarian-American physicist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1902)[455]","html":"1995 – Eugene Wigner, Hungarian-American physicist and mathematician, Nobel Prize laureate (born 1902)[455]","links":{"0":{"0":"1995","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1995","2":"1995"},"1":{"0":"Eugene Wigner","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugene_Wigner","2":"Eugene Wigner"},"2":{"0":"Nobel Prize","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physics","2":"Nobel Prize"}}},{"text":"1996 – Arleigh Burke, American admiral (born 1901)[456]","html":"1996 – Arleigh Burke, American admiral (born 1901)[456]","links":{"0":{"0":"1996","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1996","2":"1996"},"1":{"0":"Arleigh 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Wills","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Wills","2":"Helen Wills"}}},{"text":"2001 – Ray Walston, American actor (born 1914)[460]","html":"2001 – Ray Walston, American actor (born 1914)[460]","links":{"0":{"0":"2001","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2001","2":"2001"},"1":{"0":"Ray Walston","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Walston","2":"Ray Walston"}}},{"text":"2002 – Julia Phillips, American film producer and author (born 1944)[461]","html":"2002 – Julia Phillips, American film producer and author (born 1944)[461]","links":{"0":{"0":"2002","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2002","2":"2002"},"1":{"0":"Julia Phillips","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Julia_Phillips","2":"Julia Phillips"}}},{"text":"2003 – Joe Foss, American soldier, pilot, and politician, 20th Governor of South Dakota (born 1915)[462]","html":"2003 – Joe Foss, American soldier, pilot, and politician, 20th Governor of South Dakota (born 1915)[462]","links":{"0":{"0":"2003","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2003","2":"2003"},"1":{"0":"Joe Foss","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Foss","2":"Joe Foss"},"2":{"0":"Governor of South Dakota","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_South_Dakota","2":"Governor of South Dakota"}}},{"text":"2005 – Shirley Chisholm, American educator and politician (born 1924)[463]","html":"2005 – Shirley Chisholm, American educator and politician (born 1924)[463]","links":{"0":{"0":"2005","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2005","2":"2005"},"1":{"0":"Shirley Chisholm","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Shirley_Chisholm","2":"Shirley Chisholm"}}},{"text":"2005 – Ngo Van, Vietnamese revolutionary (born 1913)[464]","html":"2005 – Ngo Van, Vietnamese revolutionary (born 1913)[464]","links":{"0":{"0":"Ngo Van","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngo_Van","2":"Ngo Van"}}},{"text":"2006 – Harry Magdoff, American economist and journalist (born 1913)[465]","html":"2006 – Harry Magdoff, American economist and journalist (born 1913)[465]","links":{"0":{"0":"2006","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2006","2":"2006"},"1":{"0":"Harry Magdoff","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry_Magdoff","2":"Harry Magdoff"}}},{"text":"2007 – Roland Levinsky, South African-English biochemist and academic (born 1943)[466]","html":"2007 – Roland Levinsky, South African-English biochemist and academic (born 1943)[466]","links":{"0":{"0":"2007","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2007","2":"2007"},"1":{"0":"Roland Levinsky","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Roland_Levinsky","2":"Roland Levinsky"}}},{"text":"2007 – Tillie Olsen, American short story writer (born 1912)[467]","html":"2007 – Tillie Olsen, American short story writer (born 1912)[467]","links":{"0":{"0":"Tillie Olsen","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Tillie_Olsen","2":"Tillie Olsen"}}},{"text":"2007 – Darrent Williams, American football player (born 1982)[468]","html":"2007 – Darrent Williams, American football player (born 1982)[468]","links":{"0":{"0":"Darrent Williams","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Darrent_Williams","2":"Darrent Williams"}}},{"text":"2008 – Pratap Chandra Chunder, Indian educator and politician (born 1919)[469]","html":"2008 – Pratap Chandra Chunder, Indian educator and politician (born 1919)[469]","links":{"0":{"0":"2008","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2008","2":"2008"},"1":{"0":"Pratap Chandra Chunder","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Pratap_Chandra_Chunder","2":"Pratap Chandra Chunder"}}},{"text":"2009 – Claiborne Pell, American politician (born 1918)[470]","html":"2009 – Claiborne Pell, American politician (born 1918)[470]","links":{"0":{"0":"2009","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2009","2":"2009"},"1":{"0":"Claiborne Pell","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Claiborne_Pell","2":"Claiborne Pell"}}},{"text":"2009 – Helen Suzman, South African anti-apartheid activist and politician (born 1917)[471]","html":"2009 – Helen Suzman, South African anti-apartheid activist and politician (born 1917)[471]","links":{"0":{"0":"Helen Suzman","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Suzman","2":"Helen Suzman"}}},{"text":"2010 – Lhasa de Sela, American-Mexican singer-songwriter (born 1972)[472]","html":"2010 – Lhasa de Sela, American-Mexican singer-songwriter (born 1972)[472]","links":{"0":{"0":"2010","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2010","2":"2010"},"1":{"0":"Lhasa de Sela","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Lhasa_de_Sela","2":"Lhasa de Sela"}}},{"text":"2012 – Bob Anderson, English fencer (born 1922)[473]","html":"2012 – Bob Anderson, English fencer (born 1922)[473]","links":{"0":{"0":"2012","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2012","2":"2012"},"1":{"0":"Bob Anderson","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Anderson_(fencer)","2":"Bob Anderson"}}},{"text":"2012 – Kiro Gligorov, Macedonian lawyer and politician, 1st President of the Republic of Macedonia (born 1917)[474]","html":"2012 – Kiro Gligorov, Macedonian lawyer and politician, 1st President of the Republic of Macedonia (born 1917)[474]","links":{"0":{"0":"Kiro Gligorov","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiro_Gligorov","2":"Kiro Gligorov"},"1":{"0":"President of the Republic of Macedonia","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_Republic_of_Macedonia","2":"President of the Republic of Macedonia"}}},{"text":"2012 – Nay Win Maung, Burmese physician, businessman, and activist (born 1962)[475]","html":"2012 – Nay Win Maung, Burmese physician, businessman, and activist (born 1962)[475]","links":{"0":{"0":"Nay Win Maung","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Nay_Win_Maung","2":"Nay Win Maung"}}},{"text":"2012 – Tommy Mont, American football player and coach (born 1922)[476]","html":"2012 – Tommy Mont, American football player and coach (born 1922)[476]","links":{"0":{"0":"Tommy Mont","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommy_Mont","2":"Tommy Mont"}}},{"text":"2013 – Christopher Martin-Jenkins, English journalist (born 1945)[477]","html":"2013 – Christopher Martin-Jenkins, English journalist (born 1945)[477]","links":{"0":{"0":"2013","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2013","2":"2013"},"1":{"0":"Christopher Martin-Jenkins","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_Martin-Jenkins","2":"Christopher Martin-Jenkins"}}},{"text":"2013 – Patti Page, American singer and actress (born 1927)[478]","html":"2013 – Patti Page, American singer and actress (born 1927)[478]","links":{"0":{"0":"Patti Page","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Patti_Page","2":"Patti Page"}}},{"text":"2014 – Higashifushimi Kunihide, Japanese monk and educator (born 1910)[479]","html":"2014 – Higashifushimi Kunihide, Japanese monk and educator (born 1910)[479]","links":{"0":{"0":"2014","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2014","2":"2014"},"1":{"0":"Higashifushimi Kunihide","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Higashifushimi_Kunihide","2":"Higashifushimi Kunihide"}}},{"text":"2014 – William Mgimwa, Tanzanian banker and politician, 13th Tanzanian Minister of Finance (born 1950)[480]","html":"2014 – William Mgimwa, Tanzanian banker and politician, 13th Tanzanian Minister of Finance (born 1950)[480]","links":{"0":{"0":"William Mgimwa","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Mgimwa","2":"William Mgimwa"},"1":{"0":"Tanzanian Minister of Finance","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Minister_of_Finance_(Tanzania)","2":"Tanzanian Minister of Finance"}}},{"text":"2014 – Juanita Moore, American actress (born 1914)[481]","html":"2014 – Juanita Moore, American actress (born 1914)[481]","links":{"0":{"0":"Juanita Moore","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Juanita_Moore","2":"Juanita Moore"}}},{"text":"2015 – Ulrich Beck, German sociologist (born 1944)[482]","html":"2015 – Ulrich Beck, German sociologist (born 1944)[482]","links":{"0":{"0":"Ulrich Beck","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulrich_Beck","2":"Ulrich Beck"}}},{"text":"2015 – Mario Cuomo, American lawyer and politician, 52nd Governor of New York (born 1932)[483]","html":"2015 – Mario Cuomo, American lawyer and politician, 52nd Governor of New York (born 1932)[483]","links":{"0":{"0":"Mario Cuomo","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario_Cuomo","2":"Mario Cuomo"},"1":{"0":"Governor of New York","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_New_York","2":"Governor of New York"}}},{"text":"2015 – Donna Douglas, American actress (born 1932)[484]","html":"2015 – Donna Douglas, American actress (born 1932)[484]","links":{"0":{"0":"Donna Douglas","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Donna_Douglas","2":"Donna Douglas"}}},{"text":"2015 – Omar Karami, Lebanese lawyer and politician, 58th Prime Minister of Lebanon (born 1934)[485]","html":"2015 – Omar Karami, Lebanese lawyer and politician, 58th Prime Minister of Lebanon (born 1934)[485]","links":{"0":{"0":"Omar Karami","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Omar_Karami","2":"Omar Karami"},"1":{"0":"Prime Minister of Lebanon","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Lebanon","2":"Prime Minister of Lebanon"}}},{"text":"2015 – Boris Morukov, Russian physician and astronaut (born 1950)[486]","html":"2015 – Boris Morukov, Russian physician and astronaut (born 1950)[486]","links":{"0":{"0":"Boris Morukov","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Boris_Morukov","2":"Boris Morukov"}}},{"text":"2015 – William Lloyd Standish, United States District Judge (born 1930)[487]","html":"2015 – William Lloyd Standish, United States District Judge (born 1930)[487]","links":{"0":{"0":"William Lloyd Standish","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Lloyd_Standish","2":"William Lloyd Standish"},"1":{"0":"United States District Judge","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_District_Judge","2":"United States District Judge"}}},{"text":"2016 – Fazu Aliyeva, Russian poet and journalist (born 1932)[488]","html":"2016 – Fazu Aliyeva, Russian poet and journalist (born 1932)[488]","links":{"0":{"0":"2016","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2016","2":"2016"},"1":{"0":"Fazu Aliyeva","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Fazu_Aliyeva","2":"Fazu Aliyeva"}}},{"text":"2016 – Dale Bumpers, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 38th Governor of Arkansas (born 1925)[489]","html":"2016 – Dale Bumpers, American soldier, lawyer, and politician, 38th Governor of Arkansas (born 1925)[489]","links":{"0":{"0":"Dale Bumpers","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Dale_Bumpers","2":"Dale Bumpers"},"1":{"0":"Governor of Arkansas","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Governor_of_Arkansas","2":"Governor of Arkansas"}}},{"text":"2016 – Vilmos Zsigmond, Hungarian-American cinematographer and producer (born 1930)[490]","html":"2016 – Vilmos Zsigmond, Hungarian-American cinematographer and producer (born 1930)[490]","links":{"0":{"0":"Vilmos Zsigmond","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilmos_Zsigmond","2":"Vilmos Zsigmond"}}},{"text":"2017 – Tony Atkinson, British economist (born 1944)[491]","html":"2017 – Tony Atkinson, British economist (born 1944)[491]","links":{"0":{"0":"2017","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2017","2":"2017"},"1":{"0":"Tony Atkinson","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Atkinson","2":"Tony Atkinson"}}},{"text":"2017 – Yvon Dupuis, Canadian politician (born 1926)[492]","html":"2017 – Yvon Dupuis, Canadian politician (born 1926)[492]","links":{"0":{"0":"Yvon Dupuis","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Yvon_Dupuis","2":"Yvon Dupuis"}}},{"text":"2018 – Robert Mann, American violinist (born 1920)[493]","html":"2018 – Robert Mann, American violinist (born 1920)[493]","links":{"0":{"0":"2018","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2018","2":"2018"},"1":{"0":"Robert Mann","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Mann","2":"Robert Mann"}}},{"text":"2018 – Jon Paul Steuer, American actor (born 1984)[494]","html":"2018 – Jon Paul Steuer, American actor (born 1984)[494]","links":{"0":{"0":"Jon Paul Steuer","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Jon_Paul_Steuer","2":"Jon Paul Steuer"}}},{"text":"2019 – Paul Neville, Australian politician (born 1940)[495]","html":"2019 – Paul Neville, Australian politician (born 1940)[495]","links":{"0":{"0":"2019","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2019","2":"2019"},"1":{"0":"Paul Neville","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Neville_(politician)","2":"Paul Neville"}}},{"text":"2019 – Pegi Young, American singer, songwriter, environmentalist, educator and philanthropist (born 1952)[496]","html":"2019 – Pegi Young, American singer, songwriter, environmentalist, educator and philanthropist (born 1952)[496]","links":{"0":{"0":"Pegi Young","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Pegi_Young","2":"Pegi Young"},"1":{"0":"1952","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/1952","2":"1952"}}},{"text":"2019 – George, last known Achatinella apexfulva (born c. 2004)[497][498]","html":"2019 – George, last known Achatinella apexfulva (born c. 2004)[497][498]","links":{"0":{"0":"George","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/George_(snail)","2":"George"},"1":{"0":"last known","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Endling","2":"last known"},"2":{"0":"Achatinella apexfulva","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Achatinella_apexfulva","2":"Achatinella apexfulva"}}},{"text":"2020 – Lexii Alijai, American rapper (born 1998)[499]","html":"2020 – Lexii Alijai, American rapper (born 1998)[499]","links":{"0":{"0":"2020","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2020","2":"2020"},"1":{"0":"Lexii Alijai","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexii_Alijai","2":"Lexii Alijai"}}},{"text":"2020 – Alexander Frater, British travel writer and journalist (born 1937)[500]","html":"2020 – Alexander Frater, British travel writer and journalist (born 1937)[500]","links":{"0":{"0":"Alexander Frater","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander_Frater","2":"Alexander Frater"}}},{"text":"2020 – Don Larsen, American baseball player (born 1929)[501]","html":"2020 – Don Larsen, American baseball player (born 1929)[501]","links":{"0":{"0":"Don Larsen","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_Larsen","2":"Don Larsen"}}},{"text":"2020 – Barry McDonald, Australian rugby union player (born 1940)[502]","html":"2020 – Barry McDonald, Australian rugby union player (born 1940)[502]","links":{"0":{"0":"Barry McDonald","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Barry_McDonald_(rugby_union)","2":"Barry McDonald"}}},{"text":"2020 – David Stern, American lawyer and businessman (born 1942)[503]","html":"2020 – David Stern, American lawyer and businessman (born 1942)[503]","links":{"0":{"0":"David Stern","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Stern","2":"David Stern"}}},{"text":"2021 – Carlos do Carmo, Portuguese fado singer (born 1939)[504]","html":"2021 – Carlos do Carmo, Portuguese fado singer (born 1939)[504]","links":{"0":{"0":"2021","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2021","2":"2021"},"1":{"0":"Carlos do Carmo","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlos_do_Carmo","2":"Carlos do Carmo"},"2":{"0":"fado","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Fado","2":"fado"}}},{"text":"2021 – Mark Eden, English actor (born 1928)[505]","html":"2021 – Mark Eden, English actor (born 1928)[505]","links":{"0":{"0":"Mark Eden","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Eden","2":"Mark Eden"}}},{"text":"2021 – Elmira Minita Gordon, Belizean educator and psychologist (born 1930)[506]","html":"2021 – Elmira Minita Gordon, Belizean educator and psychologist (born 1930)[506]","links":{"0":{"0":"Elmira Minita Gordon","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmira_Minita_Gordon","2":"Elmira Minita Gordon"}}},{"text":"2021 – Floyd Little, American football player (born 1942)","html":"2021 – Floyd Little, American football player (born 1942)","links":{"0":{"0":"Floyd Little","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Floyd_Little","2":"Floyd Little"}}},{"text":"2022 – Gary Burgess, British broadcaster and journalist (born 1975)[507]","html":"2022 – Gary Burgess, British broadcaster and journalist (born 1975)[507]","links":{"0":{"0":"2022","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2022","2":"2022"},"1":{"0":"Gary Burgess","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary_Burgess","2":"Gary Burgess"}}},{"text":"2022 – Dan Reeves, American football player and coach (born 1944)[508]","html":"2022 – Dan Reeves, American football player and coach (born 1944)[508]","links":{"0":{"0":"Dan Reeves","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Dan_Reeves","2":"Dan Reeves"}}},{"text":"2023 – Fred White, American musician and songwriter (born 1955)[509]","html":"2023 – Fred White, American musician and songwriter (born 1955)[509]","links":{"0":{"0":"2023","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2023","2":"2023"},"1":{"0":"Fred White","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Fred_White_(musician)","2":"Fred White"}}},{"text":"2024 – Lynja, American celebrity chef and YouTuber (born 1956)[510]","html":"2024 – Lynja, American celebrity chef and YouTuber (born 1956)[510]","links":{"0":{"0":"2024","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2024","2":"2024"},"1":{"0":"Lynja","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynja","2":"Lynja"}}},{"text":"2025 – David Lodge, English author and critic (born 1935)[511]","html":"2025 – David Lodge, English author and critic (born 1935)[511]","links":{"0":{"0":"2025","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/2025","2":"2025"},"1":{"0":"David Lodge","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Lodge_(author)","2":"David Lodge"}}},{"text":"2025 – Chad Morgan, Australian musician (born 1933)[512]","html":"2025 – Chad Morgan, Australian musician (born 1933)[512]","links":{"0":{"0":"Chad Morgan","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Chad_Morgan","2":"Chad Morgan"}}},{"text":"2025 – Wayne Osmond, American singer-songwriter and actor (born 1951)[513]","html":"2025 – Wayne Osmond, American singer-songwriter and actor (born 1951)[513]","links":{"0":{"0":"Wayne Osmond","1":"https://wikipedia.org/wiki/Wayne_Osmond","2":"Wayne Osmond"}}} ]}}